Anal Glands and Your Pet: What You Should Know
If you’ve ever seen your dog scoot across the carpet or noticed your cat obsessively licking their rear, you may have wondered: What’s going on back there? One common (and often overlooked) answer? Anal gland issues.
What Are Anal Glands?
Anal glands, or anal sacs, are small scent glands located near the rectum. They’re found in both dogs and cats and serve a natural purpose: releasing a distinct scent during bowel movements, which animals use for marking territory and social communication.
When functioning properly, these glands empty on their own. But if the ducts become blocked, the fluid builds up—leading to irritation, infection, or abscesses.
How Can You Tell If There’s a Problem?
Look for signs like:
- Scooting or dragging the rear on the floor
- Licking or biting at the anal area
- A strong, fishy smell
- Swelling or redness around the anus
- Discomfort when sitting or pooping
These signs usually mean the glands are full, irritated, or infected. It’s a good idea to call your veterinarian for an evaluation.
Do Anal Glands Always Need to Be Expressed?
Not in every case. Some dogs and cats never experience issues with their anal glands. However, other pets—especially smaller dog breeds—may need manual expression of the glands every few weeks.
This is a simple procedure that can be performed by your veterinarian or a trained groomer. If infection is present, antibiotics or pain medication may be required.
Tips to Prevent Anal Gland Problems
Here are a few steps that may help reduce your pet’s risk:
- Add fiber to their diet. Foods or supplements that promote firm stools help the glands empty naturally. Options include plain pumpkin or products like Glandex (always check with your vet first).
- Maintain a healthy weight. Overweight pets are more likely to experience gland issues.
- Schedule regular vet visits. Routine exams can catch subtle signs early, including gland issues, back pain, or tumors that might be affecting how the glands drain.
Are Some Breeds More At Risk?
Yes. While any pet can develop anal gland issues, certain dog breeds seem to experience them more often, such as:
- Chihuahuas
- Dachshunds
- Toy and Miniature Poodles
- Cocker Spaniels
Knowing this can help you stay ahead of problems if you have a breed that’s more prone.
What If My Pet Has Recurring Problems?
For pets with chronic infections or blockages, your vet may suggest removing the anal glands surgically. This is usually only recommended after other options have been tried. Though rare, this surgery can provide long-term relief for pets dealing with ongoing discomfort.
Chronic issues can be caused by:
- Food or environmental allergies
- Genetics
- Low-fiber diets
- Painful conditions affecting posture or squatting
What About Cats?
Cats can have anal gland problems too, though it’s not as common. Overweight or older cats are more at risk. Like dogs, they may benefit from a high-fiber diet, weight management, and in rare cases, surgery.
Final Takeaway
Anal gland problems can be uncomfortable—but they’re manageable. Paying attention to your pet’s behavior and seeking care early can prevent bigger problems and help your furry friend feel better, fast. If you notice any scooting, licking, or strange smells, your veterinarian can help you decide the best next steps.
Dr. Logan Hille, DVM
Dr. Logan Hille was born in 1991 in Southern California and moved to Arizona in 1995. He graduated from the University of Arizona in 2013 with a degree in veterinary sciences and attended Colorado State University for veterinary school. After graduating in 2018, Dr. Hille moved to Dallas, Texas where he lived for 8 months. Knowing Texas was not the place for him, Dr. Hille moved back to Arizona in 2019 to be closer to his friends and family. He has two dogs, Rory and Lincoln, who he loves dearly. In his off time, Dr. Hille likes golfing, relaxing with friends, and playing video games.
Dr. Hille has a special interest in Oncology and advanced Valley Fever.
